Plan of the Bethlem Royal Hospital, an early public asylum for the mentally ill.ĭuring the early modern period, mentally ill people were often held captive in cages or kept up within the city walls, or they were compelled to amuse members of courtly society. Religious leaders often turned to versions of exorcism to treat mental disorders, often utilizing methods that many consider to be cruel and/or barbaric. Democritus had with him a book on madness and melancholy. Democritus explained that he was attempting to discover the cause of madness and melancholy. In 4th- to 5th-century BCE Greece, Hippocrates wrote that he visited Democritus and found him in his garden cutting open animals. In the 4th century BCE, Hippocrates theorized that physiological abnormalities may be the root of mental disorders. The lunacy of text based therapy manuals#Some of the early manuals about mental disorders were created by the Greeks. The beginning of psychiatry as a medical specialty is dated to the middle of the nineteenth century, although one may trace its germination to the late eighteenth century. ĭuring the 5th century BCE, mental disorders, especially those with psychotic traits, were considered supernatural in origin, a view which existed throughout ancient Greece and Rome. Some of the first hospitals for curing mental illness were established during the 3rd century BCE. The oldest texts on psychiatry include the ayurvedic text, Charaka Samhita. The way in which the therapeutic relationship is articulated in the future will determine the meaning of the therapeutic relationship for future generations of mental health nurses.Specialty in psychiatry can be traced in Ancient India. The lunacy of text based therapy professional#While the therapeutic relationship is not by itself a sufficient basis for professional continuity, it continues to play a fundamental role in mental health nurses' professional identity. However, New Zealand literature from the 20th century shows that the therapeutic relationship, as part of a general development of a therapeutic discourse, came to assume a central place in conceptualizations of mental health nursing. Some distinctive features of colonial life in New Zealand suggest that the ideal of the attendant as the embodiment of bourgeoisie values seems particularly unlikely to have been realized in the New Zealand context. It was left to Peplau and other nursing theorists to describe mental health nursing as a therapeutic relationship in the 1940s and later. The dominance of medical understandings of mental distress, and the working-class status of asylum attendants, prevented the development of an account of mental health nursing based on attendants' relationships with asylum inmates. While the therapeutic relationship was given formal expression in nursing theory in the middle of the last century, its origins can be traced to attendants' interpersonal practices in the asylum era. The therapeutic relationship is a concept held by many to be fundamental to the identity of mental health nurses.
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